Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Hierarchical SnS 2 Nanoflowers with Three-Dimensional Architecture for Advanced Biomedical Sensing Applications

Abstract

Tin disulfide (SnS
2
), which belongs to the class of two-dimensional transition metal
dichalcogenides, has attracted considerable interest because of its layered architecture, controllable
physicochemical characteristics, adjustable band gap, and favorable compatibility with biological
systems. These properties support its suitability for applications in nanoscale sensing technologies and
advanced diagnostic platforms. In the present work, three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical SnS
2

nanoflower structures (3D h-SnS
2
) were prepared through a facile, environmentally friendly ultrasonic-
assisted method at room temperature. The obtained materials were evaluated using optical microscopy,
dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray
analysis (SEM-EDX). Characterization results demonstrated uniform particle distribution, defined
microstructural morphology, and an elemental composition consistent with the expected Sn
1
:S
∼2

stoichiometric ratio. Overall, the study confirms the effective synthesis of hierarchical f-SnS
2
via a green
synthesis strategy and suggests its potential utility as a transducing component in sensor-related
applications.
Keywords: Eco-Friendly Synthesis; SnS
2
Nanoflowers; Sonochemical.